*Facepalm*
That's not how it works. Seriously, not at all. Plus, in terms of a percentage of solar thermal energy striking Earth at any given time, the solar power intercepted by a satellite array wouldn't even be a blip. We're talking thousandths or even hundreds of thousandths of a percent.
Plus, solar output is not constant; it is variable. The Sun literally gets hotter or cooler over time, in frequent intervals— and the Earth warms and cools along with it— that's why we have Ice Ages and warming periods; it has nothing to do with any human heating activity (again, just a blip).
But even if it was, the real advantage of space-collected beamed power in any case is that it would replace earth-bound forms of power, including fossil fuels, and be more efficient. So we'd end up with less excess heat than would be generated otherwise.
And on top of that, it would reduce other environmental considerations, from mining to land clear-cutting (for solar and wind, which require vasts acreage to be effective), air, soil and water pollution, wildlife habitat destruction, etc., etc..
Of course, when we develop effective fusion technology, the whole idea will probably be moot…