They did this on a per-calorie basis.
1 gram of bacon has 5.41 calories.
It takes 36 grams of bacon to get to 5.0 calories.
So producing 36 times as much lettuce three times as much of an impact. So, obviously, on a per gram basis bacon is twelve times worse.
In other words, you decide what you want your study to prove and then you decide what to measure.
Exactly no one eats lettuce for the calories. That's not why lettuce is even on the plate. Lettuce is not a calorie source.
This is dumb, dumb science, but it's excellent headline creation. This is the second thread on this in so many days. Since headlines that get clicked on create revenue, this study is a huge success. But it's pointless as science.
If you wanted to do science you'd compare complete diets, not pick two items, compare them inappropriately, and then sculpt an attention getting but useless headline..