A new development! There's a serious secession referendum taking place now in Alberta and Saskatchewan, two provinces who feel much abused by the Liberal Party and without a voice in Parliament. This referendum may lead to nothing, and doesn't mean they would join the United States -- but, what happens if these two provinces vote to secede and form their own nation.
What does Canada do?
Let's call this new nation "Saskberta" and let's describe it in the style of the CIA World Fact book listings (thanks ChatGPT!):
Saskberta
Conventional long form: The Republic of Saskberta
Conventional short form: Saskberta
Formerly: Provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan (Canada)
Government type: Parliamentary federal republic
Capital: Edmonton
Geography
Location: Central North America; landlocked between British Columbia (west), Manitoba (east), Montana/North Dakota (south), and the remaining Canadian provinces (north).
Area: 1,213,055 sq km (approximately the combined area of Alberta and Saskatchewan)
Terrain: Prairie grasslands, boreal forests, and Rocky Mountain foothills
Climate: Continental; cold winters and warm summers with low humidity
Population
Population: 8.4 million (2025 est.)
Ethnic groups:
European descent (primarily English, Scottish, Ukrainian, German): 72%
Indigenous Peoples: 10%
South Asian: 7%
East and Southeast Asian: 6%
African and Caribbean: 3%
Other: 2%
Languages:
English (official)
French (recognized minority language)
Cree, Dene, and other Indigenous languages (regional use)
Religions:
Christianity: 61% (including Protestant and Roman Catholic)
No affiliation: 28%
Islam, Sikhism, Hinduism, Buddhism: 9%
Indigenous spiritual practices: 2%
Government
Chief of State: President (ceremonial)
Head of Government: Prime Minister
Legislature: Bicameral Federal Assembly (Senate and House of Prairies)
Independence: Voted by referendum in 2027; ratified in 2028
Legal system: Mixed common and civil law, derived from Canadian precedent
Economy
GDP (purchasing power parity): $583 USD billion (2025 est.)
GDP – real growth rate: 3.4% (2025 est.)
GDP per capita (PPP): $69,400 USD (2025 est.)
Currency: Saskbertan Dollar (SBD)
Primary Industries:
Energy:
Crude oil, natural gas, oil sands (Alberta)
Uranium mining (Saskatchewan – world's largest exporter)
Agriculture:
Wheat, barley, canola, lentils, beef cattle, and pork
Mining:
Potash (largest global reserves), coal, rare earth minerals
Forestry:
Timber and pulp products in northern boreal zones
Technology & Clean Energy:
Rapidly growing sectors in Calgary and Saskatoon
Major Export Partners:
United States: 62%
Japan: 10%
China: 9%
EU (primarily Germany and Netherlands): 7%
India: 5%
Major Imports:
Industrial machinery, electronics, vehicles, pharmaceuticals, and refined products
Trade Agreements:
North American Trade Accord (post-independence bilateral deal with U.S. and Canada)
Pacific Rim Partnership (PRP) observer status
Commonwealth Free Trade Memorandum (pending ratification)
Energy & Infrastructure
Electricity production: Primarily fossil fuels (coal, natural gas), with growing investments in wind and nuclear
Pipelines: Extensive network for oil and gas, including new southern and western export routes
Transport:
Highways: Trans-Prairie Corridor
Rail: Grain and resource freight to ports in BC and the U.S.
Airports: Edmonton International, Calgary International, Saskatoon John G. Diefenbaker
Military
Armed Forces: Saskbertan Defence Force (SDF)
Branches: Army, Air Command, Home Guard
Military expenditures: 1.5% of GDP (2025 est.)
Strategic role: Border security, resource protection, international peacekeeping (Commonwealth missions)
Saskberta – Inherited Military Assets
Military name: Saskbertan Defence Force (SDF)
Branches:
Saskbertan Army
Saskbertan Air Command
Saskbertan Home Guard (Reserve & Civil Defense Corps)
⚔️ Land Forces (Saskbertan Army)
Personnel Estimate: ~6,000 active; 12,000 reserves (initial transition period)
Main Bases Inherited:
CFB Wainwright (Alberta) – Combat training and mechanized infantry HQ
CFB Shilo (Saskatchewan) – Artillery and field maneuver operations
CFB Suffield – Largest land training facility; also houses DRDC and joint-use training grounds
Equipment Inherited:
~60 LAV 6.0 Infantry Fighting Vehicles (used in Mechanized Infantry units)
~20 Coyote Reconnaissance Vehicles
~40 TAPV (Tactical Armoured Patrol Vehicles)
~25 M777 155mm howitzers (artillery support)
Assorted utility vehicles (Logistics Trucks, G-Wagens, Husky recovery vehicles)
Limited stock of Leopard 2 tanks used for training (on loan from Canadian Army — status post-independence likely requires repurchase or repatriation)
Weapons & Systems:
C7A2 rifles (standard infantry weapon), C6 GPMG, Carl Gustaf recoilless rifles
Communications and battlefield management systems from Canadian Forces inventory
✈️ Air Forces (Saskbertan Air Command)
Main Bases:
CFB Cold Lake (Alberta) – Premier air base; formerly home to RCAF tactical fighters
CFB Moose Jaw (Saskatchewan) – Pilot training base (NATO Flying Training in Canada program)
Aircraft Inherited:
16x CF-18 Hornets (condition varies; airframes aging and require upgrade or replacement)
24x CT-155 Hawk Trainers (British Aerospace; used for pilot training)
12x CT-156 Harvard II (turboprop trainers)
Assorted transport and utility aircraft (e.g., Twin Otter, King Air, CH-146 Griffon helicopters)
Radar and Defense Systems:
Cold Lake early-warning radar and satellite link systems
NORAD ties likely severed unless special treaty signed post-independence
Strategic Note:
Air Command is strongest of all branches due to Cold Lake's infrastructure. Saskberta could either refurbish CF-18s or pursue purchases from nations like Sweden (Gripen) or South Korea (FA-50).
🛡️ Home Guard & Strategic Infrastructure
Role:
Reserve infantry, civil emergency response, domestic security, anti-terror
Border control, including shared U.S. border along Montana and North Dakota
Assets:
Border sensors, regional depots, armories in Regina, Saskatoon, Calgary, and Edmonton
National Emergency Command Center co-located with former RCMP regional HQ
Inherited elements of the RCMP division likely reorganized as a federal police service
Special Capabilities:
Inherited some CBW (chemical, biological, warfare) training facilities at Suffield
Cold Weather Training and Arctic mobilization doctrine retained
🧭 Strategic Outlook
Defense Industry:
Domestic vehicle maintenance, parts manufacturing (Saskatoon and Edmonton industrial zones)
Existing Canadian defense contracts now terminated; future reliance on domestic firms or new foreign suppliers
Doctrine:
Defense of territory, deterrence against cross-border threats, resource protection
Peacekeeping contributions to Commonwealth and UN missions (limited capacity)
Transition from NATO participation to bilateral defense pacts likely
Military Budget (initial):
Estimated at $6.8 USD billion SBD/year (~1.5% GDP)
Transnational Issues
Disputes:
Ongoing negotiations with Canada over resource revenue-sharing and pension liabilities
Indigenous sovereignty issues regarding land and self-governance
Tensions over access to tidewater ports in British Columbia