When I was in Ukraine hanging out with Westerners that are fighting they said the Ukrainian Nationals early in the war were great at defending but very poor at conducting recons and patrolling. Their offensives were mostly hastily planned and poorly coordinated. Some were very motivated and some did the minimum and then went back home.
The Kharkiv "Offensive" was planned and spearheaded by Westerners that had former US Military SigInt professionals and drone operators which was new in Sept 2022. The Westerners (Team Synthians) conducted numerous contact patrols and recons in force which showed the Russians pulling troops out of the Kharkiv AO and were unprepared for an offensive. They convinced the Ukrainian Legion commanders to let them lead a probe to see how far it would go.
The offensive was a success because the Russians were surprised and routed back to the Oskul River as there was very little fighting because they were too busy running away. That does not mean the Russians' morale is low, they were just caught off guard, which can happen to units at any training or experience level.
Balakliya was the first village liberated in the offensive. It was the only one I was able to tour. My escort that spearheaded the offensive said when they liberated Kupyansk, women were thanking him with tears in their eyes, describing how they had been gang raped by the Russians and watched as they tortured and killed her husband and sons.
The Ukrainians are learning fast and I've been told that technically they are on par with the other Western militaries and ahead in the use of drones.
So as Cuprum said, it depends on what time of the war.
Wolfhag
