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the Battle of Glen Shiel was fought in the Northwestern highlands of Scotland between Jacobite rebels and their Spanish allies in support of the Jacobite pretender to the thrones of England, Ireland, and Scotland, James Francis Edward Stuart (b.1688-1766) and the royal army of King George I, King of Great Britain and Ireland. The only major engagement of the 1719 Jacobite Uprising, the Battle of Glen Shiel is notable for the presence of Spanish interventionist forces.
One of the major Jacobite Uprisings next to the Jacobite War in Ireland 1689-1691 and the Rebellion of 1745-1746 (most notable for the Battles of Prestonpans in 1745 and Culloden Moor in 1746), led by Prince Charles Edward Stuart (b.1720-1788), ‘Bonnie Prince Charlie', the Battle of Glen Shiel was an utter, near catastrophic defeat for the Jacobites. The Battle of Glen Shiel itself was also the last battle to be fought in the first half of the Jacobite uprisings of 1689-1721.
The first Jacobite War of 1715-1721 was decided primarily in the years 1715-1716, the conclusion of any major Jacobite resistance ending at the Battle of Sheriffmuir in 1715. The conflict was renewed however with the Glen Shiel campaign, the "Old Pretender" Prince James leading at the head of a Scottish-Jacobite army for just two months in early 1716. He would flee for France in defeat where he was denied refuge, moving to Papal territory soon after where the Jacobite pretender and his heirs would enjoy the hospitality of the Popes in Rome for the rest of their lives.
A major internal threat to British rule in the Scottish Kingdom and to the security of their nation as a whole, this "Little Rebellion" as it was known became famous for the relatively bloody Battle of Glen Shiel, the only battle fought during the 1719 Jacobite Rebellion. The Spanish became involved in this Jacobite uprising following the start of the War of the Quadruple Alliance which pitted King Philip V of Spain against a coalition of allied nations, principally Great Britain, France, the Holy Roman Empire, and the Dutch Republic. War was declared because King Philip, a grandson of King Louis XIV of France, wished to claim the French throne and to avenge the loss of Spanish territories in Northern Italy and the Low Countries following the end to the War of the Spanish Succession, fought in 1701–1714, ending diplomatically with the Treaty of Utrecht (Netherlands) in April of 1713
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