I'm interested in this as well, but alas, don't have any info I can share on the Dutch.
Tangentially related though, which might be useful, I did run across the following info on French Marines being posted to "New France":
They were created in 1622, and were first sent to "New France" (The Americas) in 1683. In 1757, there were 40 units of Marines, consisting of 65 men each, in the region (primarily Canada). They reported to the Navy.
The French Marine companies were small, consisting of 45 – 90 men in a unit, and were commanded by a Naval Lieutenant (Captaine), and two ensigns (Marine Lt. and Brevet Ensign). There were also 2 sergeants, and 4 corporals in the unit.
They usually carried a white flag, but other flags could occasionally be used as well, e.g. white with 3 fleur de leis, and/or blue with the same number of fleurs.
In France, the Marine flags were quartered, over a white cross background (aligned vertically and horizontally), and had the following colors:
Rochefort – Green Quarters
Brest – Yellow Quarters
Toulon – Red Quarters
Saint Malo – Purple Quarters
Bordeaux – Blue Quarters
Quebec – Blue Quarters
Other than the flag in Quebec, the other colours were never displayed in the Americas.
I'm thinking about creating a unit or two of these, for various Caribbean adventures, and may model the Dutch/others along those lines as well.
Given their small size, they seem perfect for adventures on the tabletop.