VAT is a bit of a labyrinthine topic and gets very confusing very easily.
The threshold is 67K Sterling after which you must register. As Black Cat says this means that you now charge VAT from your customers but can also now claim back VAT charged to YOU (which you could not do so before). This means that if you get your supplies and items (resin, silicone, products) from companies hat charge VAT, then you can (in theory) claim that VAT back
. In simplistic terms it should make your products costs a bit cheaper (although it doesn't always work out like that).
You cannot charge non-eu people VAT, if you do so you are being a bit naughty
However what some companies do is charge both EU and non-EU customers the same VALUE for an item, even though they are using different rates of VAT e.g.
For a mythical item worth £100.00 GBP
EU customer pays £85.00p + £15.00 GBP VAT = £100.00 GBP
Non-EU customer is charged £100.00 GBP + Zero VAT = £100.00 GBP
A company is perfectly entitled to do so and no laws are being infringed or broken.
You will know whether or not you have been charged VAT as it must be displayed on your invoice by a company that is VAT registered.
For the company concerned there is a balance between the VAT they are charged by their suppliers and the VAT they charge their customers:
If a company pays more VAT than it charges its customers then HMRC pay them back the difference.
If the company charges their customers more VAT than they are charged themselves, then they pay HMRC the difference (in effect they collect the VAT for customs and revenue!)
By NOT charging your non-EU customers VAT you are relying on the quarterly VAT balance being in your favour so that you can claim back the VAT on the item you just sold to the non-EU customer. If it isn't you lose out, if it is you recoup SOME of the value of the VAT.
That's more or less how it works although there are other options on VAT such as a flat rate 6% charge for companies turning over less than £250,000.00p pa – so there are other ways it can be dealt with.
Either way non-EU customers should not be charged VAT and if you are the invoice MUST show that you have been.
The EC Member States Where VAT is Chargeable are:
Austria
Belgium
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark except Faroe Island and Greenland
Estonia
Finland
France, including Monaco
Germany, except Busingen and the Isle of Heligoland
Greece
Hungary
The Republic of Ireland
Italy, except the communes of Livigno and Campione d'Italia and the Italian Waters of Lugano
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Malta
The Netherlands
Poland
Portugal including the Azores and Madeira
Slovakia
Spain including the Baliearic Islands but excluding Ceuta and Melilla
Slovenia
Sweden
United Kingdom & the Isle of Man
Countries & Territories outside the EC fiscal (VAT) area are:
The Aland Islands
Andorra
The Canary Islands
The Channel Islands
The overseas departments of France (Guadeloupe, Martinique, Reunion, St.Pierre and Miquelon, and French Guiana)
Gibraltar
Mount Athos
San Marino
The Vatican City
All other coutries that do not appear in the list above.