"On 15 August 1769, Maria Letizia Ramolino gave birth to her third son, Napoleone di Buonaparte, in Corsica, an island that came under French rule just one year before. As a Catholic family, this was not just a birthday for the Buonapartes, but also a holiday, marking the Ascension of the Virgin Mary. The timing appeared miraculous.
After a meteoric rise in the French Revolutionary army, Napoleon Bonaparte (as he had become, making his name more French), came to power as First Consul of France after a coup on 18 Brumaire Year 8 (9 November 1799). By 1804, he was Emperor of the French. France had endured the Revolution for over 10 years in 1799, leaving scars and divisions across French society. Napoleon had his work cut out; several of the measures he introduced continue to influence French life today, from the Code Napoléon, France's civil code, to the baccalauréat, the French equivalent of A-Levels. However, the new Emperor faced major questions about the legitimacy of his power: he was not born to rule, as kings had been, and he had not been elected. To his enemies, he was an Italianate Corsican upstart who had no right to rule France…"
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