Tom-
Those cases look similar in design and construction to the old (50's – 60's?) Conn and Artley Clarinet cases. I assume they are a little larger to accommodate the mics as well as the harmonicas. I fixed more than a few in my day. My recollection is that each compartment has a lightweight wooden frame filled with a soft bead-style foam and covered with a plush felt lining.
I am also a rental property owner & manager and have used sheet foam and spray foam for various fixes. My understanding of foam is that "open-cell" foam is just that, light density and susceptible to vapors passing through it. "Closed-cell" foam is more dense and rigid and therefore provides some vapor protection.
The plush felt lining was important because it provided a soft enclosure around the instrument to prevent scratching of the plated or silver keys. It also added a measure of soft padding between the instrument and the case itself.
Two more places to try:
#1 – there are many road-case and shipping case manufacturers for audio, video and musical equipment. This is a link to a supplier of the lining material they use.
link
#2 – Being that this is a wargame site, did you consider trying to work with a miniatures carry case? Some of those are customizable. I have no experience at all with them but have seen them and know that you can order them to meet certain size drop in compartments.
I always liked the pocket idea for the interior of the cases. Just drop in your sheet music or show book and you have one less thing to have to carry. A lot of the newer style cases come with optional covers that have a pocket in them.
Good luck