Remeber reading about this on a swedish military history forum, translated it with quick help from google translate late in the night, sorry for that.
(Translated from: link (Somewhat shabbily)
The Soviet aviation during the Cold War was divided as follows:
-The strategic bombers
-PVO
-Naval avaiation
-Frontal aviation
For operations against Sweden in connection with a direct invasion, we can leave the strategic bombers behind. These could certainly be used for conventional or nuclear attack, but the precision was low in both cases, and targets were large and immobile. (Also, this type of aircraft was an exclusive resource for a great power conflict, of course)
-PVO/Air Defence Aviation was intended as the name implies territorial air defense essentially over or in close proximity of their own land territory. PVO was integrated with anti-aircraft missiles and was guided both to their patrol areas and in the actual engagements from the ground, airborne control was completely absent.
In the proximity of Sweden in the 1980s were mainly the following air units from PVO:
6.Airarmy (including among others, the Baltic and Leningrad Military Districts)
The Baltics
655.IAP (fighter regiment) Pärnu: 39 Mig-23MLD
656.IAP Tapa: 39 Mig-23MLD
384.IAP Talinn: Mig-23P
689.GvIAP Jessau: 33 Su-27P (replacing the Su-15 in 1987-88)
54.GvIAP Vainode: 36 Su-27 (replacing the Su-15 in 1988-89)
366.IAP Pärnu: Mig-23
425.IAP Haapsalu: 39 Mig-23MLD
Total: 7 fighter regiments with about 250 aircraft (During the 70's there were up to nine fighter regiments with older generations of aircraft)
Air defense aviation could have protected a coastal invasion across the baltic during part of the enterprise (ie, near their own coast). Out at sea, larger warships could possibly have directed the flights, but the risk of friendly fire coupled with lack of exercise this unlikely.
-Since the 50's the naval aviation had three main tasks, anti-submarine warfare, attacking larger naval forces (Aircraft carrier groups or equivalent) and support of ground operations.
The Baltic Fleet in the 1980s consisted mainly of the following bomber and attack air units:
846.OMShAP (Attack Regiment), Chalovsk: 44 Su-17m2
12.MRAP (Navy Aviation Regiment) Ostrov: Tu-16K-16 (assumed approximately 1985)
170.MRAP Bychov: Tu-16K-10 (rearmed with the Su-24, 1989-90)
240.MRAP Bychov / Ostrov: 40 Tu-22M
547.MRAP?: Tu-16 (disbanded approximately 1985)
944.MRAP Ostrov Gorochovka: 22 Tu 16KSR-2-11 "G"
The main task of the 846th Regiment was direct support to the landing. Armament was rockets and bombs, no capability against qualified naval targets.
The main task for the other units were missile attacks against larger groups of vessels, ports and major targets on the ground. Available sensors and weapon performance ment that efforts against smaller targets would have had little chance of success. The possibility of nuclear attack meant, however, that some of these aircraft would be dangerous against ships even when docked.
-Frontal Aviation had as its primary mission to support ground units.
For operations against Sweden the following units could be expected:
15.Air army
886.ORAP (Reconnaissance Regiment) Krustspils: 14 Su-17M3R, 12 Su-24MR
321.BAP (Bomber Regiment) Suurkyul: 30 Su-24 (rearmed from Yak-28, ca 1984)
39.ADIB (Attack division), Lielvarde
53.GvIAP Slauliai: 45 Mig-23M (replaced with Mig-27, 1989)
372.APIB Daugavpils: 45 Mig-27
899.APIB Lielvaarde: 45 Mig-21SMT (replaced with Mig-27, 1989)
These units while escordted by own fighters could attack ground targets. Capability against qualified naval targets were missing.
In addition, the following units from the Western TVD could possibly be used.
4.Air army Legnica
132.BAD (Bomber division), Tjernjachovsk (entirely transferred to the Naval Air in 1989)
4.GvBAP, Tjernjachovsk: 30 Su-24M
63.BAP, Tjernjachovsk: 30 Su-24
668.BAP, Tukums: 30 Su-24
149.BAD, Szprotawa
3.BAP Krzywa: 30 Su-24
42.GvBAP Zagan: 30 Su-24 M
89.BAP Szprotawa: 30 Su-24 / M,
239.IAD (Fighter division), Stargard
159.GvIAP Kluczewo: 33/6 Su-27S / UB (rearmed from Mig-21, 1987-89)
582.IAP Chojna: 45 Mig-21SMT (rearms to the Su-27 from 1989-)
871.IAP Kolobrzeg: 39 MiG-23 MLD
These units could attack ground targets while escorted by own fighters. Capability against qualified naval targets were missing.
The Polish Air Force was in possession of one attack regiment (7.PLS, Semirowice), which was prepared for use in support of the naval infantry, this was equipped with Lim-6 (Mig-17) and was disbanded in 1990.
Capability against qualified naval targets were missing.
The East German Air Force was in possession of one attack regiment which had practiced tasks associated with landingenterprises:
MFG-28, Laage-Kronskamp: 23/4 Su-22M-4 / Su-22UM-3K
This unit was possibly the best Warzaw Pact unit in the Baltic Sea region ..
Capability against qualified naval targets were missing.
The Swedish Royal Air Force was at the same time equipped with J-35D / F / F2 / J and JA-37 aircraft.
SRAF Fighter units as follows:
F1: 2 div J-35F2 was disbanded in 1981 and 1982
F4: 2 div J-35D replaced by JA 37 in 1983 and 1984
F10: 3 div J-35F2, 2 div replaced by J-35J in 1987 and 1988
F13: 1 div JA-37 since 1979
F16: 2 div J-35F2 replaced by JA-37 from 1986 and 1987
F17: 1 div J-35F2 replaced by JA-37 from 1981
F18: 1 div J-35F2 1983-1985
F21: 1 div J-35D replaced by JA-37 from 1985, one div JA-37 from 1983
The last of 149 JA-37 was delivered to the SRAF 1990
