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"Republican Roman military cloaks" Topic


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1,270 hits since 6 Jul 2014
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Comments or corrections?

Korvessa06 Jul 2014 11:12 a.m. PST

Are they all red regardless as to rank?
Could a consul/general have purple?

How about the legion/army standard – would he be red too?

RavenscraftCybernetics06 Jul 2014 11:44 a.m. PST

I thought purple was reserved for the emporer and his family?
i could be wrong and such gafs are what keeps me from a lot of historical games.

GurKhan06 Jul 2014 12:35 p.m. PST

Plutarch records that Crassus before Carrhae put on a black cloak instead of the usual "phoinix" – crimson or purple – of a Roman general. It has therefore been suggested that the black cloak was a cavalry trooper's. The pseudo-Caesarian "Bello Africano" says that the Pompeian general Scipio wore a purple cloak, and was therefore upset when his ally King Juba turned up wearing royal purple.

Legions' standards were silver animal images – the eagle after Marius, various others before that – so colour doesn't arise. Red flags were used for other purposes:

"they now plant flags, one on the spot intended for the consul's tent, another on that side of it they have chosen for the camp … these latter flags are crimson, but the consul's is white" (Polybius VI)

According to Plutarch's Life of Fabius, the vexillum standard hoisted as the signal for battle was scarlet (kokkinos). Cassius Dio mentions Crassus having a vexillum with crimson-purple lettering "to distinguish the army and its commander-in‑chief", but doesn't say what colour the background was.

Ravenscraft – the question was about the Republic. Purple did come to be associated with the Emperor once there was such a thing as an Emperor.

Korvessa06 Jul 2014 2:15 p.m. PST

Thanks GurKhan
I had read somewhere that consuls sometimes wore purple but wasn't sure

Swampster06 Jul 2014 3:10 p.m. PST

Sumner's Osprey goes into the evidence.
Rank and file seem to have worn a variety of colours including dark red, white (unbleached white wool?) and a sandy brown. The problem is that many figures wearing these are not definitely soldiers.
Aumner also mentions that Silius Italicus says senior commanders had white or purple, and lictors wore red. The poet isn't the most reliable source but this seems reasonable.
Sextus Pompeius is supposed to have worn a blue cloak.

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